A previously withheld paper from last year has appeared and provides detailed analysis of Andrea Rossi’s E-Cat powder.

The images provided of the nickel, at high magnification, show detailed structures that provide important clues to facilitate replication of the E-Cat.

Original posted @ pesn.com

By Hank Mills
Pure Energy Systems News

On October 8th of 2014, a group of scientists and researchers from across Europe released a paper describing a month long test of Andrea Rossi’s E-Cat or Energy Catalyzer. (See PESWiki’s news chronicle of this as it unfolds.) In addition to reporting on a clearly anomalous production of heat — ~3.5 times more than the energy put into the system — this paper, completely uncensored, revealed crucial information about the composition of the fuel used in the device. The high performance of the device ruled out any known chemical source of power by many orders of magnitude. PESN posted a feature story about this paper titled, “Apocalypse: The Four Horsemen of Andrea Rossi’s E-Cat.”

Now, an additional paper has been released that provides additional analysis and even higher magnification scanning electron microscope images of the powder used in the reactor. In particular, nickel particles have been zoomed in on to reveal fine, detailed structures. These tubercles, cracks, and folds are most certainly critical to the ability of the E-Cat to produce practical quantities of power.

The article titled, “Analysis of Two Types of Nickel Powder” (source) was written in Swedish, but Google provides an adequate translation to English that seems fairly easy to read. The primary author of the paper is “Curt, Edstrom, Ralon”, and is dated January 17th, 2013.

The twenty-one-page paper provides the following introduction (translated by Google, with a few edits).

Samples obtained from Sven Kullander in December have been analyzed. The samples consisted of two bottles with approximately 1 gram in each bottle. One bottle is called “NEW” and contained the nickel powder Rossi used in the reactor, taken before any activity has occurred. The second bottle is called “OLD” and it contained powder used in one of Rossi’s reactors for about 6 months. This bottle also contained approximately 1 gram of powder. When you look macroscopically on the samples, one can get the impression that nickel transformed by a nuclear reaction. At a more detailed level, it seems unlikely that the nickel is first converted to other elements where these then format the new structures. The only difference between the nickel powder in the new and old sample is a little “hump” in spectrum at the iron (Fig. 13 and 17 but not in Fig. 4), the signal is so weak that it is about trace amounts and may be derived from contamination of adjacent iron particles. If there is an exothermic nuclear reaction that can transform nickel isotopes or iron isotopes [they are] are unfamiliar [to us]. On the grain that contained Ni in the “old” sample measured no Cu whatsoever. The detection limit for Cu is lower than 1%, but to safely determine, the level should be about 1% Cu present. If there is some kind of unknown nuclear reaction where Cu is formed from Ni in any greater amount that is not decayed back to Ni, Cu must be embedded in the Ni grains. Figure 9: The particles, which contained Cu in the old sample, contained 18% phosphorus, 12% oxygen and 70% copper. A portion of this fragment can be oxidized, hence the presence of oxygen. Cu and P occur in a very common alloy used in brazing. Lod with CuP at these proportions are particularly common in plumbing jobs. Is it possible that this fragment is derived from such solder joints? The reactors constructed by Rossi seems to have consisted, among other things, of a brazed copper details.

To understand this paper, written in 2013, to the most recent paper released on Oct. 8th of 2014, you must realize that the powder tested in this older analysis was not from a different type of reactor. Certainly, the powder tested in 2013 did not come from the same model of high temperature reactor as in the 2014 analysis. Most likely, the powder came from a low temperature E-Cat reactor. Because of this, the additives or “catalysts” used in the two different powders are most likely different to some degree. However, I think it is likely that the basic nickel powder used is probably very similar. Both the old and new powder can produce vast quantities of excess heat when correctly stimulated by alternating current and heat.

A professional, high quality comparison of the analysis of the powder in both of these papers would be time consuming and require a great deal of knowledge in the field of material analysis. So in order to get the news out about the release of this paper, I will avoid going into excessive detail about every aspect of this paper. Other individuals, far more qualified than myself, will be more capable of providing such a comparison. Instead, I will post several facts and observations I have gathered from looking at the figures and reading the text of the paper.

More Fascinating Information 

As mentioned in the excerpt above, in this paper, two types of powder are studied: “new” and “old.” The new powder is fuel that had never been placed in an E-Cat reactor, and the old powder is fuel that had been used for six months. In alignment with the paper released on Oct. 8th, the new powder was composed of uniform particles of about one millimeter by one millimeter. The old powder, however, had a variety of particle geometries and was of a clumpy appearance. It seems that reactions took place in the old powder that may have caused the non-uniformity.

Analysis of the new powder revealed only carbon, oxygen, and nickel to be present. It is also important to understand that this method of testing cannot detect hydrogen or Lithium – both of which were found in the Oct. 8th paper. So these elements may, or may not, be present. The sample was prepared for analysis by placing it on a piece of tape which contained the elements carbon, hydrogen, and, according to the authors, possibly oxygen. This means it is possible that some percentage of the carbon and oxygen detected in the sample may be from the tape. The old powder, however, shows a wider variety of elements present, including the elements C, O, Mg, Si, P, Ca Fe, Cu, and Ni.

Various particles of the old powder contain different percentages of these elements. The report speculates that certain of these elements may be contaminates or from material used in the soldering of the reactor. Another important fact is that the testing method only determines the composition of the particles near their surface. The different composition of the old powder from the new powder could possibly be partly due to elements present deep in the particles.

Lithium and iron are both mentioned as potential catalysts, even though lithium was not detected. In the report released on Oct. 8th, both of these elements were detected. One aspect of the Oct. 8th report that excited me were the Scanning Electron Microscope images of the various particles. The ability to actually see, in some detail, the nickel particles was very exciting, because the protrusions or tubercles were visible. In the 2013 paper, however, the images are even more detailed, more numerous, and of a much higher magnification.

The Nickel Masterpiece of Andrea Rossi

My jaw dropped, literally, when I saw the images of the nickel particles in this paper. Although images of other particles were included, the nickel particles under high magnification were beautiful. Some of them appeared to be square in shape and composed of smaller cubes. Each sub-unit was visible, and they reminded me of brick work. Other particles were even more magnificent with spike like protrusions, ribbons, folds, and cracks. One very highly magnified particle seemed to contain geometric shapes. Although I’ve seen many images on the internet of nickel particles (commonly available for sale by suppliers) Rossi’s powder seemed more intricate and varied.

The above images show nickel particles at various levels of magnification. If the E-Cat is to be replicated, these surface features will need to be reproduced. (Sterling’s Comment: I’ve not followed this as closely as others, but an obvious question to me seems to be: Were the nickel particle attributes a pre-requisite condition by some preparatory process, or are they a function of the reaction itself — not a prerequisite, but a result?) I feel this will be every bit as critical in producing excess heat as choosing other additives and applying proper magnetic or RF stimulation with alternating current. What we do not know is if Andrea Rossi custom fabricates these particles in house from raw nickel, or if he purchases carbonyl nickel from a supplier and then further modifies them.

Bob Higgins is a researcher who has produced a document titled, “Surface Processing of Carbonyl Nickel Powder for Ni-H LENR Applications.” In this document, he obtains carbonyl nickel – with surface features similar to those found in Andrea Rossi’s powder – from a supplier and further modifies it through a process of adding nano FeO3 powder. He then runs the powder through a series of processing including the application of heat, sintering, and grinding. The result are particles that look similar to those in Rossi’s powder.

The Green Eyed Monster Meets Rossi’s E-Cat by Hank Mills

• November 18th, 2011 at 10:47 PM

  Jealousy.

• It is the desire to have what belongs to someone else.

• Without a doubt, it is an emotion that can cause great harm, if not properly controlled.

  When allowed to grow unchecked, this emotion has broken up families, made enemies of neighbors, created workplace turmoil, and induced warfare between nations. In the alternative energy scene, it has created conflict between inventors who have similar goals. Quite often, the goal is to introduce a game changing technology to the world, and earn a financial reward to compensate for all the effort and sacrifice.

  In the case of the E-Cat technology, Andrea Rossi has what cold fusion researchers have only dreamed could exist. He has produced a cold fusion technology that produces a huge amount of output. Actually, it produces so much output it can melt the nickel powder and destroy all the reaction sites — making a reactor cease functioning. Instead of struggling to get five, ten, or fifteen watts, Rossi can produce more than ten kilowatts from a 50cc reactor core. The output of an E-Cat is phenomenal. It is beyond the dreams of most cold fusion researchers.

  What is also interesting, is that the E-Cat technology can self sustain without an input. Of course this has been achieved before, but never with a high level of output. In fact, Rossi has to throttle down his reactors in self sustain mode (by reducing hydrogen pressure) just so they don’t “run away” and melt the nickel powder. Instead of dying out in self sustain mode, they have a tendency to produce more and more power.

  In addition to being powerful and capable to self sustain, the E-Cat utilizes cheap nickel instead of expensive palladium, and cheap light hydrogen instead of deuterium. This means the technology is economically viable, because the fuel cost is almost non existent. Even the catalyst is said to only add 1/10th to the cost of the nickel powder.

  Now since such a powerful and robust technology exists, other cold fusion researchers are becoming jealous. They have not been able to achieve anything close to what Rossi has been able to achieve. If they are lucky, they may be able to produce tens of watts, max. Often, they are not able to do so with cheap fuels and have to resort to heavy hydrogen or expensive precious metals. With the E-Cat technology looming over them, their lack of being able to develop a practical cold fusion technology is becoming very frustrating.

  Instead of congratulating Rossi or applauding him for the technological breakthrough of the century, it seems as if his competitors have banded together to attack him. On websites and forums they slander him, mock him, and call him names. Despite the huge amount of evidence that he is producing massive amounts of excess heat, they claim he is a “fraud” and has proven “nothing.”

  A few of them have been jumping to make negative remarks in the comment section of every positive article posted about the E-Cat technology. It seems that jealousy and envy of what they have not been able to achieve, has taken them over. They are no longer curious, scientific researchers, but are now naysaying zombies. They seek to chew on any positive remark about the E-Cat, like the undead limp towards human brain matter. These obviously capable and intelligent individuals have let their emotions take over them, and are belittling a technology they should be rejoicing about.

  

  Andrea Rossi, E-CAT inventor

  Obviously, there is probably a bit more than jealousy behind the actions and statements of some of these individuals. A couple of them obviously have pet theories they have been pushing for years. Since Rossi rejected (W-L) the theory on his blog, they feel obligated to go on the attack. Others probably feel that since Rossi’s patent protection may not be as solid as it could be, by attacking him they may be able to “buy time” to figure out how the E-Cat technology works. Then they may be able to patent it themselves, and claim “they” invented it — when it was Rossi’s all along. Then others probably feel jealous of Rossi because they were working on nickel-hydrogen cold fusion years ago. However, their systems were nothing like Rossi’s, and they did not get anywhere near the results. So now they are hiring lawyers, trying to block patents, and seeking to get what they feel is “owed” to them, even though they did not come up with the breakthroughs themselves.

  Once again, none of these jealous parties were responsible for developing the E-Cat technology.

  Only Rossi should get the credit.

  He was the one that came up with the right combination of nickel isotopes, the right combination of catalyst(s), the right size of nickel powder, the right processes to create tubercles on the nickel powder, the correct frequencies for the RFG to emit, and other elements that make the E-Cat the Holy Grail of cold fusion.

  It is his “secret sauce” and if anyone else wants to take credit, they should stop running their mouths, stop making posts that defy logic, stop telling flat out lies, stop slandering Rossi, and demonstrate something that can even come *close* to the output of an E-Cat.

  Of course they cannot, yet. And their failure to be able to produce anything close to the E-Cat is what fuels their jealousy and envy.

  By the way, Rossi is not perfect. We all have faults, and Rossi is the same. But his technology is darn close to a perfect energy source for mankind. I would urge all of the jealous competitors and researchers to either put away their jealousy and congratulate Rossi for his accomplishment, or back away. Even if someone has a personal issue with Rossi, they should not let it influence their opinion of the technology itself. If they want to keep attacking Rossi they risk being on the wrong side of history. The text books many years from now may not leave them a legacy they would want their grandkids to read about.

  I think somewhere, deep down inside, even those who have been attacking Rossi out of jealousy want a better world, and a better future for humanity. I find it sad that they have let jealousy and envy make them lose sight of why they become interested in cold fusion research to begin with. Perhaps if they would take a step back and consider the big picture — ignoring their personal ambitions — they would realize their attacks against the E-Cat technology are not helpful in creating a better home for all humanity.

The Andrea Rossi Energy Catalyzer has a New Commercial Website

Andrea Rossi, inventor of the energy catalyzer (E-Cat) has just launched a new commercial website.  The site http://www.leonardo-ecat.com has been published in collaboration with Hank Mills and Sterling Alan of Pure Energy Systems Network.  The recently sold 1 megawatt E-Cat is available for purchase at the site and an advertisement for a smaller 5 kilowatt Home heating unit is listed as pending availability in 2013.  All interested parties, including skeptics should avail themselves of this remarkable breakthrough, clean and affordable energy technology!

1 (One) Megawatt E-Cat Plant
(Available)

The one megawatt E-Cat plant is currently available for sale to qualified customers, who represent commercial or industrial interests. While being capable of fitting inside of a standard shipping container, it can produce up to one megawatt of power in the form of hot water, or low temperature steam. It is composed of around hundred individual modules, each containing three reactor cores. This game-changing, energy-producing plant consumes no radioactive materials, produces no nuclear waste, emits no pollution, and incorporates numerous safety features. By consuming only small quantities of cheap fuel — nickel powder and hydrogen gas — it has earned the reputation of being both economically attractive, and the ultimate “green” machine. More…

5 Kilowatt Home Heating E-Cat
(Pending)

5 kW E-Cat concept image

The five kilowatt E-Cat is still in research and development phase. Upon completion (2013), it will be offered for sale to the general public. The unit will provide a constant yet adjustable output of up to five kilowatts of heat (in the form of hot water). This large quantity of output is produced with only a very small consumption of electrical power. Like the one megawatt plant, it utilizes no radioactive materials, produces no radioactive waste, emits no radiation into the environment, and releases no pollution. The multiple built in safety features and the inherent nature of the E-Cat technology, make this system an attractive heating solution for homes or small businesses. More…

 

E-Cat Orders Being Taken After Successful Launch

The first sale of a one megawatt E-Cat plant took place on October 28th, 2011, after a successful test of the system was performed by the customer. Andrea Rossi is now accepting additional orders for E-Cat plants from serious, qualified parties. Are you a forward thinker that desires to “ride the wave” of technological innovation?

The 1 MW E-Cat during the successful test by the first customer on Oct. 28, 2011 Photo by Sterling Allan

Full Disclosure: PES Network is seeking a business relationship with Andrea Rossi. Sterling’s trip to Bologna was sponsored by Farlie Paynter of Canada, as well as by Mike Spitzauer, CEO of Green Power Inc (GPI), the Waste-to-Diesel Fuel company in Pasco, Washington.

By Hank Mills
Pure Energy Systems News

If you are reading this page, you are probably interested in truly “bleeding edge” energy production technologies. Since that is the case, how would you like to be able to purchase a one megawatt cold fusion plant, that can produce vast amounts of constant heat energy — using tiny amounts of nickel and hydrogen as fuel — and in “self sustained” manner that consumes almost no electricity as input? 

I’m talking about a system that sounds like it is straight out of the realms of science fiction, and rivals any other energy production method on the planet. The idea of actually being able to purchase such an exotic, efficient, and low cost source of energy sounds pretty exciting doesn’t it? 

Well, I have some really cool news for you, and the entire world!

READ MORE:

Fox News E-Cat Article Needs Work by Hank Mills, Pure Energy Systems

The mainstream media organization “Fox News” has posted an article about the recent test and sale of Andrea Rossi’s one megawatt cold fusion plant. It’s great that they are covering the introduction of the E-Cat technology to the market, but the article could be more accurate.

Andrea Rossi consults with Giuseppe Levi during the test of the 1 MW E-Cat on Oct. 28, 2011 Photo by Sterling Allan

By Hank Mills
Pure Energy Systems News

If you have not read it already, Fox News has posted an article about the test and sale of the world’s first one megawatt cold fusion E-Cat plant. Fox News should be commended for being one of the first mainstream media outlets to cover the historic launch of the cold fusion age. However, their article does not seem to be as well worded as it could be, and is not exactly accurate on all counts. To be blunt, the author could have been much more helpful to the readers of the article.

Read more: